Matthew 21:1
Wednesday, 24 June 2026
Now when they drew near Jerusalem, and came to Bethphage, at the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples, Matthew 21:1
“And when they neared unto Jerusalem, and they came unto Bethphage toward the ‘Mount, the Olives’, then Jesus, He sent two disciples.” (CG)
In the previous verse, Chapter 20 ended with Jesus healing the sight of the blind men, who were then said to follow Him. In Luke, the account of Zachaeus, the wee little man, comes after the healing. Matthew skips over that, saying, “And when they neared unto Jerusalem.”
The walk from Jericho to Jerusalem is uphill. The path follows a wide gorge at times with stunning views. Eventually, Jerusalem comes into view. Along this well-beaten track, certainly still accompanied by a large group of people, it says, “and they came unto Bethphage.”
Béthphagé is a location found only three times, once in each of the synoptic gospels. It is, unfortunately, rendered by some as House of Figs. This does not give the full sense of the word. The name is derived from beth, house, and pag (Hebrew pagah), crude, which is found only once in the Old Testament, in Song of Songs 2:13. There it says, “The fig spiced her crudes.” The word khanat signifies to spice. It is a term used when referring to embalming.
The meaning isn’t that of putting forth but of the sweetening, or spicing, of the fruit as it ripens for harvesting. This process then explains the word pagah, crude, an unripe fig. The fig is already on the tree, but until it goes through the spicing process, it otherwise remains an inedible crude unless it is properly prepared to make chutneys, jams, and preserves. However, once it is spiced by the season, it becomes edible right off the tree.
Understanding this, Béthphagé means House of Unripe Figs, or more scientifically, House of Unspiced Figs, with the understanding that the spicing process is on the tree, not in later preparation. Bethphage is collocated with Bethany, as is seen in Mark’s and Luke’s gospel records.
The actual site of Bethphage has never been determined, but its general location, based on the gospels, is certain. Being near Bethany, it is within what is known as a Sabbath-day’s journey, which is 2000 cubits or less, to Jerusalem. That is determined from Acts 1:12, which places the Mount of Olives within this distance. Matthew says it is “toward the ‘Mount, the Olives’.”
This contains another new word, elaia, olive. It refers to the tree or the fruit. In Judges 9, the olive is noted as the finest of the fruit trees. Its fruit is highly prized. Olives are used for eating, oil, soaps, and more. The oil is used for lighting lamps and cooking food, among other uses. The wood is prized for its beauty and can be burned for warmth.
As for the olive itself, it is a symbol of religious privilege. For example, it reflects the Spirit working through those who are included in this privilege. The olives receive their fatness from the roots. The branches receive this fatness and produce olives, which are then used to put forth light before the Lord in the form of olive oil. At this location, it next says, “then Jesus, He sent two disciples.”
These two are to prepare for a special moment prophesied by the prophet Zechariah, hundreds of years earlier.
Life application: It is important to know what the various things noted in the Bible represent. The olive was just seen as a symbol of religious privilege. The fig has its own connotation as well. Unfortunately, the meaning of the fig has been misapplied by many to signify the nation of Israel.
That misinterpretation has been passed around for eons, and it damages any hint of trying to figure out what is being presented in Scripture. Rather, the fig speaks of the spiritual connection between God and man.
When this was lost in the Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve attempted, by their own works, to restore that connection through the use of fig leaves covering the disconnect, the shame of sin.
When Jesus curses the fig tree, in the gospels, it forms a parable concerning the place He was coming from and going to, the temple, which is the place where the spiritual connection with God was effected for the people.
In His words, “Let no one eat fruit from you ever again” (Mark 11:14), He was indicating that the temple that served the law would never again be the source of connection to God. Instead, that connection would only come through Him.
Understanding this, the House of Unspiced Crudes will have its own particular meaning. It refers to a fig that is not yet ready to be eaten unless it is manually prepared in a manner similar to pickling. Pay attention to such details. In considering the details, typology is likely to come forth from the surrounding narrative, forming a larger picture of something else.
Lord God, it is so wonderful to search out the treasures found in Your word. Help us to be diligent to research what is said, paying attention to every detail. In doing this, we will more clearly understand what You are telling us. Help us, Lord, to be methodical and patient as we search out this precious word. Amen.
